|
 Occasional Papers
 
Carbon Market Development
in Pakistan: Issues and Opportunities
By
Malik Amin Aslam Khan
Synopsis:
The international carbon market has
exponentially grown in the past few
years, since the global ratification
of the Kyoto Protocol in 2005. The
birth of the carbon commodity and
the rapid growth of this associated
market is not only transforming the
global energy economy but also
extending opportunities for
catalyzing a low carbon economic
growth in developing countries. The
instrument which is facilitating
this transformation in developing
countries is the “Clean Development
Mechanism”.
This paper provides a brief
introduction to the birth, evolution
and the current status of the global
carbon market. It then goes on to
describe the experience of the
introduction of this new market
commodity in Pakistan. This includes
the setting up of the institutional
and policy structure and the
associated response in the private
as well as public sector – which has
been quite encouraging. The carbon
market development in Pakistan is,
currently, at a nascent stage and as
a “late entrant” to this market a
number of barriers still need to be
overcome. However, considerable
“untapped” opportunities exist in
the country, especially in the
energy and forestry sectors, which
allow the country to attract carbon
financing for priority growth
sectors. This warrants a wider and
deeper understanding of the dynamics
of this new market supported and
facilitated by a sustained policy
framework in the country. This would
ensure that the country effectively
capitalises the local development
benefits from the carbon market
while also extending its global
participation in the fight against
climate change.
Corporate
Response to Climate Change in Pakistan
By
Dr. Harish Kumar Jeswani
Synopsis:
Climate change is not only an
environmental or an ethical issue. In
its most important effects, it is an
economic issue. Major economic
activities of our industrialized society
are at the root cause of human induced
climate change, and its impacts in turn
are economic too.
Yet, every risk tamed is a reward
earned. The economic threats of climate
change represent an inspiring challenge
to those who are bold and creative
enough to meet it. Investment in clean
technologies and the new energy
infrastructure that will shape the low
carbon future, offers a huge opportunity
to businesses around the world. The
right leadership and incentives can
harness the talent and skills that exist
to find solutions that beat climate
change and increase prosperity for all.
Breaking
Moulds or Reinforcing Stereotypes?
A gendered analysis of the skills development system
in Pakistan
Frida Khan
Synopsis:
Skills
development is becoming a priority for national
governments and international development
organizations as a strategy to achieve a variety of
economic and social goals that include improving
international competitiveness, increasing
employment, reducing poverty and even battling
terrorism.
But though the
scope of skills development and urgency of reform is
well-established, and the potential gains to women
are articulated, the understanding of skills
development in Pakistan in terms of gender is not.
This paper
attempts to examine the current skills development
in Pakistan from a gendered perspective, looking at
factors ranging from the personal to the political,
and analyse how they perpetuate and reinforce gender
stereotypes. It will also suggest strategies to make
training more responsive to the realities of women's
and men's experience in the world of work, and how
it can be an effective tool not only to address the
practical gender needs of women, but also more
strategic ones…
 
Pakistan’s Options for Climate Change
Mitigation and Adaptation: Scoping Study
By
Dina Khan
Synopsis:
LEAD Pakistan has been working on the
promotion of environmentally sensitive
development since 1995 and has recently
initiated a process of capacity building and
program planning on climate change in
Pakistan. In collaboration with the global
LEAD Network, LEAD Pakistan is in the
process of designing a multi-year program to
help Pakistan tackle the looming challenge
of climate change. In order to establish an
initial baseline, LEAD Pakistan undertook a
scoping study on “Pakistan's Options for
Adaptation to and Mitigation of Climate
Change” in the first quarter of 2008. The
study aimed to synthesize information on key
climate change actors in Pakistan and map
areas of concern for future action
planning...
GDP
Growth Semblance and Substance
By
Saeed Ahmad Qureshi
Synopsis:
This paper
analyzes the three different approaches of
measuring GDP namely product approach,
expenditure approach and income approach and
their application in Pakistan. It attempts
to look into the legitimacy of the national
income accounts and statistics and their
reliability in the light of the prevailing
international standards. It identifies the
major weaknesses of the national income
accounts in Pakistan by drawing a comparison
of Pakistan’s national accounts with that of
the United Nations Systems of National
Accounts (UN-SNA-1993). The UN-SNA envisages
a social accounting matrix and supply and
use tables covering the pattern of goods and
services from local and foreign sources used
in intermediate and final (e.g. export)
stages by the industrial sector to
facilitate inputs-outputs analysis. These
are not a regular feature of the national
accounts in Pakistan but have been
formulated sporadically. Thus UN-SNA is
highly integrated unlike Pakistan’s accounts
which are drawn on the single entry system
and provide a segmented picture. The
evidence suggest that while the domestic
system provides supporting tables on the
product, expenditure and gross capital
information, it still has a long way to go
to produce complete accounts enjoined by the
UN System. It calls for drawing up a phased
program to adopt the UN-SNA standards in
terms of coverage and methodology in order
to overcome the deficiencies in the
measurement of national income accounts.
About the Author:
Mr Saeed
Ahmad Qureshi is currently serving various
renowned institutions as a member of their
governing bodies. To name a few he is the
Vice President of the Al-Shifa Trust Eye
Hospital, Chairman Education Foundation
Islamabad, Senior Advisor at the Punjab
Rural Support Program, Member National
Council for Highways, and the National
Finance Commission Government of Pakistan.
From 1957-1994 Mr Qureshi made contributions
to and has worked with the prestigious
institutions and ministries of Pakistan. He
worked with the Ministry of Education,
Finance, Food and Agriculture, Commerce and
Economic Affairs. Mr Qureshi has at least
two dozen publications to his credit. The
main issues of his work are agricultural
growth, education development, economic
policy, growth, and poverty alleviation. Mr
Qureshi obtained his master’s degree in
Economics from Punjab University and a
diploma in Public Administration from Oxford
University, United Kingdom.
Water and
Conflict in the Indus Basin: Sub-national
Dimensions
By Dr.
Daanish Mustafa
Synopsis:
This
paper discusses the water and security
nexus, especially in the Indus basin. It
reviews the relationship between water
resources and national and international
security. After a brief historical review of
hydropolitics in the Indus basin, the paper
surveys contemporary hydropolitics in the
basin, at the inter-provincial scale with
reference to the Kalabagh dam controversy in
Pakistan and the water dispute between
Punjab and Haryana states in India. The
paper also builds a case for attention to
local level hydropolitics with reference to
the example of domestic water supply issues
in Karachi, and with reference to local
level irrigation and flood management in
Pakistan. It concludes by summarizing the
salient themes emerging from the review and
future research directions which could
further contribute towards understanding the
water and security nexus at the sub-national
level in the Indus basin.
About the Author:
Daanish Mustafa is an assistant professor of
Geography at the University of South
Florida-St. Petersburg, USA. He received
his Ph.D. in Geography from the University
of Colorado at Boulder, USA. Throughout his
academic career his research interests have
been in the issues of human interactions
with the environment, in third world
developmental contexts. He has used water
resources geography, hazards geography and
development geography as thematic pathways
to pursue his broader intellectual interests
in social justice, environmental quality and
radical social change.
Socio-economic Profile and Prospects for
Diffusion of Renewable Energy in Cholistani
Villages
By: Dr
Asif Qayyum Qureshi
Synopsis:
This paper
outlines the positive aspects and benefits
of renewable energy applications for
development purposes to fulfill the energy
needs of the Cholistan area. Due to the vast
size of the area, it considers the prospects
of renewable energy for two out of four
tehsils of District Rahimyar Khan, falling
partially within the desert and analyzes how
well it fits in with the energy needs of the
area and the subsequent development
approach. The research methodology and
questionnaires consider the effects of the
two socio-economic factors on the
sustainable livelihood and energy demands of
the area. These are: the fuel consumption
patterns; culture of women; and patterns of
community behavior and participation. The
paper also analyzes the impact of community
participation on the integrated area
development programs. It makes a case for
enhanced role of women in rural energy
interventions and suggests a possible
approach to facilitate the process.
About
the Author:
Dr Asif
Qayyum Qureshi is currently working with the
United Nations Office for Project Services (UNOPS)
as Chief Technical Advisor and National
Project Coordinator for the Ministry of
Environment, Government of Pakistan project
on Commercialization of Wind Power Potential
in Pakistan. Dr Qureshi specializes in
sustainable energy policies, particularly
the renewable and sustainable energy model
for urban and rural development. He is a
member of several national and international
organizations including: the Institute of
Physics, United Kingdom; Society of
Chemistry, United Kingdom; American Chemical
Society, United States; and the Pakistan
Institute of Physics. He is also the first
Pakistani to be awarded the lifetime title
of Chartered Chemist by the Royal Society of
Chemistry, United Kingdom. Dr Qureshi holds
a PhD in Energy and Environment from Heriot
Watt University, Edinburgh, Scotland.
Energy
Pricing Policy in Pakistan: Existing Prices
and a Proposed Framework
By:
Syed Waqar Haider
Synopsis:
How to price
energy is a significant policy issue in
developing countries like Pakistan. Many
price distortions exist in the energy sector
in addition to a wide gap between
international and domestic prices. If the
government were to price energy to reflect
its true economic cost many sectors of the
economy would be adversely affected from the
price increase. This paper reviews both the
present system of price setting and a
theoretical framework of pricing principles
and suggests ways of formulating domestic
energy pricing policies. It also emphasizes
the need to analyze the effects of energy
price adjustments on various sectors of the
economy.
About the Author:
Syed Waqar
Haider has been working with the World Bank
Resident Mission in Islamabad since 1991 as
an Energy and Infrastructure Specialist, and
is actively involved in the planning,
restructuring and reform of power, oil and
gas sectors in Pakistan. He has
participated in the development and
implementation of the reform programs,
regulatory framework, and privatization, and
has undertaken a number of policy analysis
and sectoral studies. He also has extensive
experience of the renewable energy resource
potential and utilization in Pakistan. Mr.
Haider has over thirty years of professional
experience, and post-graduate qualifications
in engineering and management sciences, and
has attended a number of specialized
training courses.
* Please
note that all these publications are priced
publications. If you have any further
queries about these, please feel free to
contact us at
main@lead.org.pk
Occasional Papers
Case Studies
Updates
Lecture Series
Books and Proceeding
Annual Reports
Making
The Difference
|
Occasional
Papers